ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ ДЛЯ ПОСИЛЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ

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Юлія Петленко
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5984-5145

Анотація

У цій статті розглядається фінансування ініціатив зеленої енергетики як критичного елемента зміцнення енергетичної безпеки України, особливо в контексті післявоєнної реконструкції та потреби в стійкій та витривалій енергетичній інфраструктурі. Дослідження має на меті оцінити потенціал і виклики інвестування в зелену енергетику в Україні, враховуючи руйнування, спричинені воєнними діями росії протягом 2022-2023 років, і необхідність відновлення на основі стійких моделей. У зв’язку з цим отримані результати підкреслюють важливість створення надійного та декарбонізованого енергетичного сектора, керованого й внутрішніми потребами, і міжнародною співпрацею з ЄС та іншими партнерами. Аналіз показує, що, незважаючи на сильну підтримку переходу на зелену енергетику, розвиткові сектора заважає висока капіталомісткість, необхідна для зелених технологій, які часто неконкурентоспроможні без державних субсидій. Це вимагає ретельного балансу між інноваціями та комерційною життєздатністю проєктів зеленої енергетики, підкреслюючи необхідність державних і приватних інвестицій у технології, які можуть конкурувати з традиційними джерелами енергії в довгостроковій перспективі, і розробки нових інструментів фінансування для України. Висновки вказують на те, що для забезпечення енергетичного майбутнього України та мінімізації ризиків потрібен багатогранний підхід. Такий підхід має включати політичні реформи, стратегічні інвестиції в перевірені зелені технології та сприяння партнерству для подолання розриву в комерціалізації. Політики стикаються з подвійним завданням: прискорити енергетичний перехід, водночас керуючи фінансовими обмеженнями, що посилюються військовими витратами, підкреслюючи компроміс між швидким розвитком і ризиками, пов’язаними з фінансуванням інновацій. Загалом це дослідження сприяє розумінню того, як механізми фінансування зеленої енергетики можуть підвищити енергетичну безпеку України, пропонуючи ширші наслідки для політики, інвестицій і технологічних інновацій у контексті післявоєнного відновлення та майбутньої стійкості України.

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