ОБОВ'ЯЗКОВИЙ РОЗПОДІЛ КРЕДИТІВ ТА ДЕРЖАВНІ ГАРАНТІЇ НА ФІЛІППІНАХ
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Надіслано: 25-01-2024
Опубліковано: 30-04-2024
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Анотація
Обов'язковий розподіл кредитів – це політичне втручання, спрямоване на те, щоб змусити банки надавати кредити певним секторам, до яких інакше необмежене фінансування не дало б доступу. Хоча дехто стверджує, що обов'язковий розподіл кредитів призводить до неоптимального розподілу ресурсів, показано, що такі результати втручання є соціально бажаним результатом. Однак обов'язковий розподіл кредитів не повинен бути обов'язком лише банків, він має бути підкріплений державними гарантіями. На Філіппінах є три сектори, у яких надають обов'язковий розподіл кредитів, а саме: сільськогосподарський сектор, мікро-, малі та середні підприємства або сектор ММСП, а також підприємства, що займаються інноваціями. У сільському господарстві кредитні асигнування є занадто великими й тому повинні бути переглянуті, в ММСП занадто малі й, отже, також повинні бути переглянуті, а в інноваціях їх важко ідентифікувати й визначити, які недоцільно впроваджувати. У всіх цих випадках банки покладаються на відповідну місію практично без державної підтримки. Банки або виконують, або сплачують штраф.
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